NEWS108
12
ThisattractiveMarbledMollybelongstothespecies
Poeciliasphenops
(ShortfinMolly).
Maleplaty,
Xiphophorusmaculatus
,”BleedingHeart”cultivated form.
Literatur:
1.Handbücher
Ga
̈
rtner,G. (1981):Zahnkarpfen.DieLebend-
geba
̈
renden imAquarium.VerlagEugen
Ulmer,Stuttgart
Gentzsch,D. (2004):XiphophorusundXipho-
phorusmaculatus. InSchaefer,C.&T.Schroer
(Hrg.):DasgroßeLexikonderAquaristik.Ver-
lagEugenUlmer,Stuttgart
Jacobs,K. (1969):Die lebendgeba
̈
rendenFi-
scheder Su
̈
ßgewa
̈
sser.EditionLeipzig
Kempkes,M. (1999):Lebendgeba
̈
rendeZahn-
karpfen.Datz-Aquarienbu
̈
cher.Stuttgart
Kempkes,M.&F.Scha
̈
fer (1998):AlleLebend-
geba
̈
renden / all livebearersandhalfbeaks.
Aqualog,Mo
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rfelden-Walldorf
Meyer,M.K.,Wischnath,L.&W.Foerster (1985):
Lebendgeba
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rendeZierfische.ArtenderWelt.
Haltung,Pflege,Zucht.MergusVerlag,Melle
Osche,C. (2001):Lebendgeba
̈
rende.Kosmos
PraxiswissenAquaristik.KosmosVerlag,Stutt-
gart
Reuter,F. (1911):Die fremdla
̈
ndischenZierfi-
sche inWortundBild.EinAtlas sa
̈
mtlicherbis-
herbei unseingefu
̈
hrterZierfische.UnterMit-
wirkungvonDr.W.Wolterstorff.Stuttgart
Riehl,R.&H.A.Baensch (1990):AquarienAtlas.
8.Auflage,5.Taschenbuchausgabe.Mergus
Verlag,Melle
Scha
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AqualogVerlag,Rodgau
Stallknecht,H. (2000):Lebendgeba
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Zahnkarpfen.Tetra-Verlag,Bissendorf-Wulften
2.WissenschaftlicheOriginalarbeiten
Braddock,J.C. (1945):SomeAspectsof the
Dominance-SubordinationRelationship in
theFishPlatypoecilusmaculatus.Physiologi-
cal Zoology18 (2):176-195
Braddock,J.C. (1949):TheEffectof PriorResi-
denceuponDominance in theFishPlatypoe-
cilusmaculatus.Physiological Zoology22 (2):
161-169
Clark,E.,Aronson,L.R.&M.Gordon (1954):Ma-
tingbehaviourpatterns in two sympatric spe-
ciesof xiphophorin fishes: their inheritance
and significance in sexual isolation.Bulletinof
theAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory103
(2):135-226
be kept like the guppies and platies, the
other two species should be treated like
swordtails. The threespeciescanbedistin-
guishedby the formof theerect dorsal fin
inmales,inotherwordswhen the latterare
displayingamong themselves.
Animalwelfare
Theargument that femalesare tooseverely
stressed by the constant attentions of
ready-to-matemaleswhen there is an ex-
cess of the latter, is anthropomorphic and
incorrect fromascientificviewpoint.So it is
ofno relevance in termsof animalwelfare.
roughly in the ratioof 1:1andall the speci-
mens found in the trade are exclusively
captive-bred,selling them inpairsmustbe
regardedasoptimal fromananimalwelfare
viewpoint,asotherwisewhat is tobecome
of all the superfluous specimens?
So theconclusion tobedrawn fromall this
must be, buy platies, swordtails, mollies,
andguppies as pairs or with an excess of
males.
Becausemales and females of livebearing
toothcarp species come into the world
